Rotary engine.



' s. HAUDE NSHIELD.

ROTARY ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 34, 1908.

Patented Dec. 13, 1920.

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S. HAUDENSHIELD.

ROTARY BNGBTE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 24,1908.

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ROTARY EHGINE.

APPLIGATIOH FILED JULY 24.1908.

Patented Dec. R3, 1910.

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s. HAUDENSHIELID.

ROTARY ENGINE.

AIPLIOATIOK mum JULY 24,1908.

Patented Dec. 13,1910.

@9811 can: I 64 13MB? UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SAlrIUEL HAUDENSHIELD, OF CARNEGIE, PENNSYLVANIA.

ROTARY ENGINE.

mama.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 13, 1910.

Application filed July 24, 1308. Serial No. 445,221.

have invented certain new and useful linprovenients in Rotary lulngines, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing.

This invention relates to rotary engines of that type wherein steam or air can he used for propulsion.

The primary object of my invention is to provide a novel reversible engine in which high degree of etlicieney can he obtained with a minimum expendit of fuel.

.tnother object of this invention is to provide an equally halaneed rotary engine having an eccentric-ally mounted i'evoluhle head, provided with a plurality of radially disposed pistons easily and quickly adjusted to eon iensate for the wear and tear of the pis-f without removing the same from the engine. A further ohgect of this invention is to provide a novel packing for the pistons of 1 my engine. \vherehy the engine can he eeo iioiuieally and safely operated.

still further ohjeet of this invention is to provide a rotary engine that can he advantageously used as a water pump, water motor or can he. utilized as a gar one explosive engine by the addition of explosive ehauil ers at the upper end of the engine.

he present invention an improvement upon the construction of rotary engine which forms the subject matter of the Letters Patent granted to me September 29. 15101 #900,013. the present iinprm'enieut consisting prin ipally in the provision of positive and reliable means for eti'eeting an even and steady movement of the radially d sposed pistons within the engine. also. steam channels for increasing the driving power of the pistons.

Further. 111) improvement consists in certain structural details that will be hereinafter fully considered, and reference will now he had to the drawings. wherein,

Figure 1 is a side elevation of an engine constructed in accordance with my invention. with one of the hearings thereof removed, Fig. 9 is a front elevation of the engine with one of the belt wheels or balance wheels in section, Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal seciit'inal view of the engine, illustrating the revoluble head of the engine in elevation, Figs. 4: and 5 are perspective view of packing used in the engine cylinder, Fig. 6 is an elevation of one side of one of the detachable side plates of the engine, Fig. 7 is a plan of an enlargement of the engine cylinder, Fig. 8 is a plan of a slide valve used in the steam chestof the engine, Fig. 9 is a wrtical cross sectional view of the engine cylinder, Fig. 10 is a 1 vertical cross sectional view of one of the sion springs forming part of a modified form of piston, Fig. 19 is a perspective view of the preferred term of piston illustrated in F ig. 16 of the drawings, with the side packing strips separated from he pistons, Fig. 20 is a side elevation of the preferred form of piston, Fig. 21 is a plan of the same, Fig. 22 is a perspegtive view of the modified form of piston illustrated in Figs. 17 and 18, Fig. is a side eleva' 'ioii of a modifie-d form of piston. Fig. 24 is a perspective view of the packing illustrated in F 18 of the drawings, used in connection with the modified form of piston, Fig. '25 is a vertical longitudinal sectional View of a portion of a modified form of engine, illustrating the rotary reversing valves and roller bearing pistons, Fig. "2b is an elevation of a portion of one of the side plates of the modified form of engine. and Fi 27 is a side elevation of an operating lever for simultaneously moving the rotary val es of the modified form of engine.

In the accompanying"drawings, 1 designates a cylinder having an integral lr-tse or foundation 2 in which is cast exhaust chainbers 3 communicating with the bore of the. cylinder 1 through the medium of vertical ports 4 and horizontal oppositely disposed ports 5 and 6. The chamber= 3 communicate with an exhaust port 7 through the medium of ports 8, said exhaust port 7 be ing common to both of the exhaust chambers 3.

chest is a steam inlet pipe I5.

The top of the cylinder 1 is formed with an enlargement 9 having vertical ports 10 and 11, these ports beirg diagonally disposed. as best shown in Fig. 7. whereby the port 10 will feed at one side of the cylinder 1 and the port 11 at the opposite side thereof. T he enlargement. 9 between the ports 10 and 11 is recessed for a packing block 12 containing a revoluble packing roller 13, which is placed in the packing block 12 prior to placing said block in the recessed enlargement. The objectof the packing block 13 will hereinafter appear.

Secured to the enlargement 9 is a steam chest I; and connected to the top' of this In the steam chest 14 is arranged a slide valve 16 having side extensions 17 for controlling the ports 10 and 11. The slide valve 16 is provided with apertur'ed lugs 18, and connected to these lugs by a pin 19 is a slide rod 20, said rod extending through the steam chest to be coupled to a suitable operating lever (not shown), but illustrated in connection with Fig. 18 of the above mentioned Letters Patent.

In the horizontal oppositely disposed ports 5 and 6 are slid-ably mounted valves 21 and 22, said valves being alternately operated through the medium of suitable operating levers mounted upon the base and foundation of the engine. These levers are not. shown in the present application but are illustrated in connection with Fig. 18 of the abo e. mentioned Letters Patent.

The sides of the cylinder 1 are provided with annular-seats and the cylinder within the bore is chamfered to provide two channels 24, these channels extending from the inlet ports 10 and 11 to the horizontal oppo ite]: disposed ports 5 and (1; By reference to I-ig. 9. it will be observed that the ports .3 and (3 are of a width approximately equal to the cylinder and in order to compensate for the wear of pistons within the cylinder. I arrange the channels 2% inclined relatively to the plane ofv the sides of the cylindetythe direction of inclination of one chain nel being opposite to the other. The channel it extending from the port 10 at one side of the cylinder traverses the bore of the cylinder to the opposite side thereof, while the channel from the port 11 is similarly formed, whereby steam entering either of the ports 10 or 11 will equally impinge pistons within the cylinder.

The angula-rity of the channels 24 interiorly and exteriorly is clearly indicated in Figs. 2 and 1. of the drawings, and by reference to the first mentioned figure, it will be observed that I save material in the construction of the cylinder by reducing the thickness of the Wall thereof at the sides of the channels. Mounted in the annular seats 2370f the cylinder are side plates 25, and

since these plates are identicai in construction. I deem it only necessary to describe one of said plates, reference being had to Figs. (3 and 10. The side plate is securely bolted to the cylinder and snugly his in the seat '23. The plate 25 contiguous to the pcriphery thereof and upon the inner side is provided who an annular groove 26 having located therein a packing ring 2T. this packing ring being broken away in Fig. 6 of the dr; viugs, to clearly show the groove '26. Centrally of the plate 25 is. an annular enlargement '28 having a bore 29 formed therein. The. enlargement upon the outer side of the plate is formed with a stuliing box 30 for a gland 31. and upon the inner side of said plate formed an extension 32, eccentric with relation to the bore 29. said eccentric extension being surrounded by a grtmvc 33- formed in the enlar euiei-it 28, the periphery of said extension and said groove 32-} being substantially concentric with relation to the inner circumference of the cylinder. Adapted to fit upon the eccentric extension ii. is an annular bearing block 3% having a beveled bearing surface This block adjustahly mounted upon the ec centric extension 32 and is adjusted thereon by a plurality of set screws 36 arranged in the enlargement 28. Said bearing block is prevented from rotating upon said eccentric extension by suitable keys (not shown) arranged in the grooves 37 of the bearing block 3%. The bearing block forms a salient feature of my invention. together with the set screws 36; whereby I am enabled to obtain certain adjustments from the exterior of the engine, withoutdetaching the side plates 25.

Arranged at the sides of the engine are bearings 38, these bearings alining longitudinally with the bores 29 of the side plates 2-5. .lournaled in the bearings 38 and extending through the cylinder 1 and the side plates 25 is a shaft 39, said shaft being eccentric to the boreof the cylinder 1. Mounted upon the shaft 39 between the bearings 35 and the cylinder 1. are balance or belt wheels i0.

Keyed upon the shaft- 39 within the bore of the cylinder 1 is a head 41, said head having radially disposed slots -12 formed therein, preferably four in number, with two opposing slots arranged at right angles to the other two opposing slots. Both sides of the head are cut away, as at 43, to provide clearance for the bearing blocks 34, and to reduce the weight of the head 41, said head is recessed, as at 44. The sides of the head adjacent to the periphe y thereof are provided with annular V-shaped grooves 45, these grooves being provided with segment shaped strips of packing etti adapted to engage the packing rings :27 of the side plates 25. These packing strips and rings form an air tight connection, and can be easily renewed when worn. The confronting faces of the slots 42 adjacent to the outer ends thereof are provided with transverse V- shaped grooves 47, adapted to hold V -sha ped packing strips as, the objectof which will presently appear. \Vith the head it mounted upon the shaft 30 within the cylinder, at crescent-slmped compartment elf) is formed, irrespective of the CltztlutlS 24. between the inner walls of the cylinder and the periphcry of the head, this compartment having its greatest depth at the bottom of the cylinder.

Slidabl mounted in the slots 42 of the head 1 are pistons, each piston comprising a V-shaped dove-tailed block 30 having side grooves 51, side lugs 52 and side pins 53. The side 52 are provided with sockets F-l and notche said notches receiving the depending tongues 36 ot' hedge-shaped weartitting in the grooves 51 of the dove-tailed block 50. C011 springs 59 are mounted in the oel ets i, these springs normally forcin the shoes 5T upwardly, whereby 21: the head i 41 rotates, said shoes will be trietionally held in engagement with the inner sides of the plates 25.

Loosely mounted upon the side pins 53 of the pistons are segmentshapE-d arms (30, l these arms being beveled, as at 61. to engage i the beveled bearing surface 35 of the bearing blocks 3d. The segment-shaped arms 1 are provided with slots (32, whereby said arms can shift upon the pins 53, but to normally hold the arms in engagement with the bearing blocks 3-1, I arrange curved springs 63 between said blocks and the side upon the outer ends of the arms and against the under side of the lugs 52.

Before referring to the modifications of my invention, I will first describe the operation of the engine, in order that the modifications can be fully understood with a hrief description of the same.

taining beneficial use of the same before its final escape. The channels A, being open to the crescent-shaped compartment, form steam passages which permit of the communication between the steam chambers on the opposite sides of the piston, and being also in communication with the inletport, provide means whereby the inlet ports can not he closed or cut. ot'f by the pistons, so that there is no possibility of the head 41. stopping it? sucrt a position as would present its being started again as soon as steam is introduced through one of the inlet ports. The annular bearing blocks are arranged with their peripheries concentric with respect to the inner surface of the cylinder bore, but eccentrically to the shaft 39, therefore, during the propelling of the head ll by the steamimpellcd pistons, the pistons will remain in contact with both the inner mg shoes 5?, these shoes having tongues 58 face or walls of the cylinder and the periphery or beveled wearing surfaces of the wearing blocks 3i, the eccentric mounting of the head causing the pistons to have a relative in and out movement within the slots $2 of said head. To reverse the engine. the reversing valves 21 and are moved to open the port 6 and close the port 5, and the slide valve 16 is shifted whereby the port 11 becomes an inlet port with the port t0 closed. The packing block 12 and the packing roller 13 prevent the escape of steam across the top of the head all, while the parking rings 27 and packing strips l4; and 4S conti'ne the steam within the cresent-shaped compartn'ient.

Considering the modifications of my invention, reference will first be had to the lugs 52 ot the plstons, these springs bearing i pistons. In Figs. 17, 18, 22, 23 and 2-}, I have illustrated a modified torm of piston.

Operation: \Vith the sl de valve 16 in the position shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings, steam entering the chest 1-1 passes through shaped compartment 49 of the bore 5, where ment extending between the steam inlet and the exhaust ports, thereby causnig the piscontinues to revolve imparting a rotaryg movement to the shaft 39 and the wheels .40

It will thus be observed 5 carried thereby.

f with sockets 65, said groove accommodating a shoe 6thaving depending pins 6? adapted to extend into the sockets 65. Mounted in .the sockets G5 are coil springs (38,tl1ese springs cushioning the shoes (36 and at the same time maintaining said shoes in engagement with the inner walls of the cylinder; the vertical port 10, enters the crescent-l otherwise the modified form of piston is similar to the preferred form. it impinges against the first piston, which lies within that. portion of the compart-E In Figs. 25, 2G and 2", I have illustrated a further modification of my invention, wherein the segment-shaptal arms (30 are 1 dispensed with. and beveled rollers 69 are ton and the head to rotate until the piston revolubly mounted upon the side pins 53 j of the pistons. Th slide reversing valves that; the steam traverses practically one-half of the cylinder before exhausting, thus ob- 1n 111115011 by an operating lever 72 and a 21 and are dispensed with. and rotary reversing valves 70 used, these valves being revolubly mounted in enlargements 71 provided therefor upon the lower side of the cylinder. The base and foundation of the cylinder are simplified, as clearly shown in ig. 25. The rotary valves 70 are operated link connection 73. The eccentric hearing block used in connection with the beveled rollers 69 is constructed with major and minor axes. shown in Fig. 2t. whereby the pistons will evenly travel within the cylinder without the use of springs 63.

An important feature of my invention resides in the novel packing which is automatically cxpansihle under wear. said pac ing comprising independentinemhers "tor the face and ends of each piston. thereby insuring a steam tight ctmnection hetween the revoluhle head. the pistons thereof and the cylinder.

1 desire to call attention to the fact that the principal wearing elements of my engine can he readily renewed. and that eacl and ever: part of the engine is easily assemhled. Suitable provision can he made toa that'- ough lubrication of the movahle parts of the engine.

\Yhile in the dawings forming a part of this application there is illust ated the preferred embodiments of my invention. I would have it understood that the same can he varied or charmed to shape. proportion and exact n'tanner of assen'thlage without (10- iarting from llii spirit. of the invention.

Having now described my invention what width of he pistons, s-ud channels oeing I claim as new. is

1. In a rotary engine. a cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports and a steam space. and a head mounted (((fQlltttPeYll) of said cylinder. said head having pistons having a path of movement to retain the outer end of i the pistons in contact. with the inner circumi ference of the cy.inder. said cylinder ha vin a channel extending from the steam 'ztlt port and terminating at a point intermediate said port and exhaust port and heing of less width than the width of the pistons. said channel being in open containnication with the interior of the cylinder. and having it gradually increasing depth toward the steam inlet port.

in a rotary engine a cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports and a steam space. and lEP Nl mounted eccentrically of said cylinder. said head having pistons having a path of movement to retain the outer end of the pistons in contact with the inner ('il('2tillference of the cylinder. said cylinder having a steam channel extending from the st am inlet port and terminating at a point intermediate said port and exhaust port and he ing of less width than the width of the pis tons. said channel being in open communication with the interior of the cylinder. and

having a gradually increasing depth toward the steam inlet port. said channel heiug inclined relatively to the plane of the rides of the cylinder.

In a rotary engine. a cylinder h-ving inlet and exhaust ports and a steam pace. and a head mounted eccentrically 01- said cylinder, said head having pistons having a path of movement to retain the outer end of the pistons in contact with the inner circumference of the cylinder. said cylinder having a steam channel extending from the steam inlet port and terminating at. a point intermediate said port and the exhaust port and being of less width than the width of the pistons. said channel heing in open communication with the interior of the cylinder. and having a gradually increasing depth toward the steam inlet. port. said channel heiug inclined relatively to the plane of the sides of the cylinder said channel being of a length greater than the distance bet ween successive pistons.

4. In a rotary engine. a cylinder having inlet ard exhaust ports and a steam space. said inlet ports being spa ed from each other and located at direct'right angles to the axis of the cylinder, and a head mounted eccentrically of said cylinder. said head carrying pistons having a path of movement to'retain the outer ends of the pistons in contact with the inner circumference of the cylinder. said cylinder having steam channels extending from the steam inlet ports and terminating at a point intermediate said port and the exhaust port and being of less width than the each in open comnumication with the interior of the cylinder and having a gradually increasing depth toward a steam inlet port. each channel heing inclined relatively to the plane of the side of the cylinder. the inclination rm'ining in the plane of its inlet port to a point adjacent the opposite side of the cylinder.

5. In a rotary engine, a cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports and a steam space, said inlet ports heing spaced from each other and located at direct right angles to the a. is of the cylinder. and head mounted eccentrically of said cylinder said head carrying pistons having a path of ni v at0nt to retain the outer ends of the pi. ens in contact; with the inner circumfet" nee of the cylinder, said cylinder having steam channels extending from the steam inlet ports and terminating at a point intermediate said port and the exhaust port and he ag of less width than the width of the pistons. said channels each being in open communication with the interior of the cylinder and having a gradually increasing depth toward a steani inlet port, each channel being inclined relatively to the plane of the side of the cylinder, the inelii'iation running in the plane of. its inlet port to a point adjacent the opposite side of the cylinder. each channel being of a length greater than thedistance between successive pistons, said channels ha ing a eon'tbined length less than the inner circumferential length of the cylinder.

6. In a rotary engine, the con'ilt-ination pistons each having an element DIOYIUiQ with respect 10 the pistons and in contact with said means.

7. In a rotary engine, the combination with a cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports and-a steam space, of a head mounted eccentricahy of said cylinder, said head having pistons movable relatively to said head, and means carried by the sides of the cylinder for controlling the relative movements of the head and pistons, said means being adjustable in a manner to take up wear, said pistons havin an elemei t movable with respect to the pistons and in contact with said means.

S. In a rotary engine, the combination with a cylinder ha ing inlet and exhaust ports and a steam space, of a head mounted ecccntrically of sait CIy-liliklfil, said head having pistons n'sovablc relatively to the head in a radial direction, and wear-mljusting beveled bloc {5 carried by the sides of and arranged concentrically with the bore of the cylinder, said blocks being adjustable axi ally of the cylinder, each of said pistons having an element in contact with and movable on the beveled face of the blocks.

9. In a rotary engine, the combination with a cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports and a steam space, oi a head lflOllDlQi eccentricall of said cylinder, said head having pistons movable relatively to the head, and means for controlling the relative move ments of the head and pistons, said means comprising a bearing block extending axially of the cylinder, aid block having its periphery concentric with the inner circuml erence of the cylinder, said block'being adjnstablc axially to compensate for relative wear of blocl: and pistons.

10. In a rotarv engine. the combination vsilh a cylinder naving inlet and exhaustports and a steam space, of a head mounted eccenlrically of said cylinder, said head having pistons movable relative-y to the head, and means for controlling the relative movements of the head and pistons, said means comprising a bearing block extending axiall of the cylinder, said block having its periphery concentric with the inner circumference of the cylinder. said oloclc being in jnsta'ole axially to compensate for rcliitivc wear of block and pistons, said block and the pistons having complemental faces movable relative to each other.

11. In a rotary engine, the combination of a cylinder having inlet and exhaust pe: ts

side plates formed with axially extending bearings, a head mounted eccentrically of said cylinder, said head having pistons movable relatively to the head and in directions radially thereof, and means for controlling the relative movements of the head and pistons. said means comprising a bearing block carried by each of said bea rings, saio block being adjustable to compensate for wear, each blocl; and the pistons having surface contact at spaced intervals of the periphery of the blocks and having complemental faces movable relative to one another, the contacting portions of the pistons consisting of a member movable with respect to the pistons.

12. In a rotary engine, the combination of a cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports and a steam space, said cylinder having its side plates formed with axially extending bearings, a head mounted cccentrically of said cylinder, said head having pistons movable relatively to the head and in directions radially thereof, and means for controlling the relative movements of the head and pis tons, said means comprising a bearing block carried by each of said bearings, said block being adjustable to compensate for wear, each block and the pistons having surface contact at spaced intervals of the periphery of the blocks, the contacting portions of the pistons consisting of a member movable with respect to the pistons, each of said blocks having an outer beveled space against which said members ride, the blocks being adjustable axially.

13. In a rotary engine, the combination of a cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports and a steam space, said cylinder having its side plates formed with axially extending bearings, a head mounted eccentrieally of said cylinder, said head having pistons movable relatively to the head and in directions radially thereof, and means for controlling the relative movements of the head and pis-- tons. said means comprising a. bearing block carried by each of said bearings, said block being adjustable to compensate for wear, each block and the pistons having surface contact, at spaced intervals of the periphery of the blocks, the contacting portions of the pistons consisting of a member movable with respect to the pistons, each of said blocks having an outer beveled space against which said members ride, the blocks being adjust able axially. each side plate being recessed to receive its blocks.

1%. In a rotary engine, a section head having an inwardly extending annular flange on its opposite sides and a plurality of radially-extending slots leading to the periphery of the head and extending through said flanges, to provide segments having bearing faces on their sides and ends, each of said faces having grooves for the recepann a steam space, said cylinder having its 1 tion of a packing.

15. In a rotary engine, a section head having an inwardly extending annular flange on its opposite sides and a plurality of radially-extending slots leading to the periphery of the head and extending through said flanges, to provide segments having bearing faces on their sides and ends, each of said faces having grooves for the reception of a packing, said grooves being V-shaped in cross-section.

16. In a rotary engine, a piston having its side Walls inclined inwardly from the face of the piston, and having ont-xvardly-cxtending lugs at the inner ends of the inclined faces, and angular packing members adapted to be mounted within the recesses formed by the inclined faces and lugs, said mem 3ers being automatically adjustable along said inclined faces.

17. In a rotarvengine, a piston having its side Walls inclined inwardly from the face of the piston, and having outwardly extending lugs at the inner ends of the inclined faces, said inclined faces being grooved in the direction of their length, and angular packing members adapted to be mounted within the recesses formed bv the inclined faces and lugs, said members being automatically adjustable alon" said inclined faces, said members having rib-2 extending within the grooves.

18. In a rotar engine, a piston having its side walls inclined inwardly from the face of the piston, and having outn'ardlv-extending lugs at the inner ends of the in clined faces, and angular packing members adapted to he mounted within the reccssea formed by the inclined faces and logs, said members being automatically adjustable along said inclined faces, the face of said piston having a recess, and a packing member mounted with n said recess. p

In testimony whereof I atlix my signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

SAMUEL H \UDENSHIELD.

\Yitnesses Max ll. SROLOVE'Z'Z: K. H. BUTLER. 

